Python is a high-level, general-purpose programming language. Its design philosophy emphasizes code readability with the use of significant indentation.

Go is a statically typed, compiled, high-level programming language designed at Google by Robert Griesemer, Rob Pike, and Ken Thompson.

Docker is a tool that is used to automate the deployment of applications in lightweight containers so that applications can work efficiently in different environments.

Kubernetes is an open-source container orchestration system for automating software deployment, scaling, and management.